Interfaces & Types

Atscript provides TypeScript-like syntax with annotations and semantic types.

Start With Interfaces

Most .as files are just interfaces with a few annotations and semantic types:

export interface User {
    id: string
    name: string
    age: number
    isActive: boolean
}

Use an interface when you want a named object shape that can later be imported, validated, and inspected at runtime.

Nest Objects Naturally

Inline nested objects work well when the nested shape is local to one model:

export interface User {
    id: string
    profile: {
        name: string
        avatar?: string
    }
    settings: {
        theme: 'light' | 'dark'
    }
}

If you want to reuse a nested shape across files, give it its own interface or type alias and import it.

Use Type Aliases For Reusable Values

Type aliases are useful for named primitives, unions, and reusable constraints:

@expect.minLength 3
@expect.maxLength 20
export type Username = string

export type Status = 'pending' | 'success' | 'error'
export type ID = string | number

Like interfaces, exported type aliases also exist at runtime and can be validated.

Common Property Patterns

Optional Properties

export interface Config {
    name: string
    bio?: string
}

Arrays, Tuples, And Literals

export interface Data {
    tags: string[]
    coords: [number, number]
    status: 'pending' | 'done'
}

Dynamic Keys

If a model needs open-ended keys, use wildcard or pattern properties:

export interface EnvConfig {
    NODE_ENV: 'development' | 'production'
    [/^PUBLIC_.*/]: string
}

That is useful for configuration objects, custom metadata maps, or other flexible records.

Reuse Types By Reference

import { Address } from './address'

export interface User {
    address: Address
    friends: User[]
    manager?: User
}

You can reference other types, self-reference, and use arrays of references naturally.

Advanced Composition

Interface Extends

interface BaseEntity {
    id: string
    createdAt: string.isoDate
}

interface Timestamped {
    updatedAt: string
}

export interface Post extends BaseEntity, Timestamped {
    title: string
    body: string
}

Rules:

• Own properties are added to the inherited ones
• Prop-level annotations are inherited from parents
• Interface-level annotations are not inherited
• Overriding a parent property in a child is not allowed
• Self-extends and circular extends are detected as errors

Intersection Types

interface Timestamped {
    createdAt: string
}

interface Post {
    title: string
} & Timestamped

Intersections are useful when you want to combine types inline instead of declaring a new parent interface.

Practical Example

import { Address } from './address'

export interface User {
    id: string.uuid
    username: string.required
    email: string.email

    profile: {
        displayName: string
        bio?: string
        [/^social_.*/]: string
    }

    addresses: Address[]
    status: 'active' | 'inactive' | 'pending'
    createdAt: string.isoDate
}

TypeScript Usage

In TypeScript, use type aliases as both types and validators:

import { Username } from './types.as'

const name: Username = 'john_doe'
const validator = Username.validator()

if (validator.validate(input, true)) {
  // input is Username
}

Next Steps

• Imports & Exports — Module system
• Primitives — Semantic types
• Annotations — Metadata system
• Ad-hoc Annotations — Annotate existing types without modification